Note: 1990 data is not compatible with later years.

If you decide to use these data, please cite the source as follows

Rupasingha, A., Goetz, S. J., & Freshwater, D. (2006, with updates). The production of social capital in US counties. Journal of Socio-Economics, 35, 83-101. doi:10.1016/j.socec.2005.11.001.

Social Capital Variables for 1997, 2005, and 2009

Excel 2007 spreadsheet, 1.1 MB

Data Dictionary Social Capital Variables

PDF document, 11.1 KB

Definitions of variables used in our social capital data set